The Prospect of Aerosol Tuberculosis Vaccine

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major problem in the world. Globally, 2 billion out of 6 billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Today’s TB vaccine, BCG, which was developed more than 85 years ago, provides some protection against severe forms of TB in children but is unreliable against pulmonary TB. Researchers stated that an inhaled vaccine would be more effective because TB is primarily a disease of the lung. Inhalant vaccine can be delivered to the pulmonary mucosa with high efficacy and targeted to the sensitive tissue by combining porous particle delivery technology with nanoscale technology. Nanoparticle has ability to enhance absorption, traffic, through tissues and target cells. The process of making aerosol vaccine, powders of dry bacteria were prepared by spray drying with a model nonpathogenic Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium smegmatis. Then, adding a second material, the amino acid leucine, in relatively large proportions to diminish bacteria–bacteria physical interactions in the dry-powder state. Researcher reported better TB protection with an aerosol form of bacillus BCG than is achievable by standard subcutan. and intradermal injection using a low-inoculum, aerosol infection and challenge in the sensitive guinea pig model. The physical and biological activity also showed that aerosol vaccine has stability. Aerosol spray is easy to deliver because noninvasive that don’t need injection. These characteristics lead to a much more efficient vaccine than the classical route, BCG injection.

Keyword : TB. BCG. Inhaled Vaccine.

NB:

I have presented this paper in Literature Review Competition Asia Pacific Regional. So that's why this paper used English.

And I was The Finalist. Although I was not the winner, but in my opinion, nothing to lose, coz' it was out of my expectation..

Thanks

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